The Church
One day, as Jesus promised, He will return from heaven.  He is just and so will judge everybody, disciple or not, by their deeds, but those who have trusted Him for salvation will have had their sins blotted out by His blood, so that only what was done in faith will remain to be rewarded, and the Church of Jesus Christ will live with Him forever.
Following Jesus
After Jesus' ascension the Holy Spirit filled all the disciples on the day of Pentecost, and they went everywhere, telling people that God Himself had invaded His own creation and defeated death.  Many people listened and also followed Jesus.  God had placed the treasure of His very Presence within them, and they could not be silent.
During His time on earth, Christ taught many people the truths of God.  The people who believed Him and did what He said - His disciples - became known as the Church.